Editor's Note: This article is produced in collaboration with the Chongqing Institute of Foreign Studies as part of a series of ongoing reports exploring the city's abundant resources in intangible cultural heritages.

Jiangjin Baijiu brewing. (Photo/Jiangjin Shaojiu - Lvxi Liquor Official Weibo)

As an old saying goes, “True feelings are shown when the glass is emptied in one gulp.” The connection between alcohol and emotions has deep historical roots. Drinking a cup of warm, aromatic liquor is like meeting cheerful and hospitable Chongqing locals. The tradition of Chongqing people entertaining friends with liquor has contributed to a rich and enduring liquor culture. Among the many liquor brands, Jiangjin Baijiu stands out due to its traditional brewing techniques.

As the oldest and best-preserved liquor brewing technique in Chongqing, the art of Baijiu brewing was the first to be recognized as an intangible cultural heritage of the city.

The most distinctive feature of Jiangjin Baijiu brewing is its adherence to ancient, meticulous craftsmanship. The process begins with selecting premium glutinous sorghum with a moisture content of less than 14%. The grain is then soaked for 6 to 10 hours before being steamed in a traditional steamer. Throughout this stage, brewers must carefully monitor the soaking temperature and steaming time.

Jiangjin Baijiu brewing. (Photo/Jiangjin Shaojiu - Lvxi Liquor Official Weibo)

The most critical step in brewing is fermentation. An aged fermentation tank, filled with old distillers’ grains, is mixed with new grains to ensure stable fermentation and a richer flavor. During fermentation, a balance must be maintained between the speed of saccharification and fermentation to guarantee both the taste and yield of the Baijiu. Experienced brewers often blow on the fermenting mixture to assess its progress: a sweet aroma indicates healthy yeast growth, while a sour smell suggests the need for adjustments. Only a normal fermentation produces a sweet, pleasant fragrance.

Traditional tools play a vital role in ensuring the quality of Baijiu. Throughout the process—from soaking and steaming the grains to fermentation and distillation—seven traditional utensils are used, including soaking buckets, steamers, and wooden winnowing spades. The resulting Baijiu is clear in color, naturally sweet from fermentation, and carries a fragrant hint of aged wood.

Baijiu, with its myriad flavors, is brought to life by its brewers. Flipping through his manual, one brewer said: “We must follow the process meticulously, constantly monitoring the color, sound, taste, and texture of the Baijiu. We also adjust the ratios according to seasonal changes.” The essence of preserving Jiangjin Baijiu brewing lies in upholding ancient techniques while adapting to seasonal variations to ensure the quality of every bottle. This dedication is possible because the brewers remain true to their craft, passing down their skills with passion from generation to generation.

As a carrier of emotions, alcohol is often used to celebrate friendships and honor memories. Jiangjin Baijiu, with its century-long history, is like an old friend that has always accompanied the people of Chongqing. As it goes global, Jiangjin Baijiu has won numerous awards, showcasing its unique charm. With every sip, one can taste the brewers’ unwavering commitment to craftsmanship and tradition.

Chinese script: Cao Zhenni

Tutored by: Wen Chunxue

Translation: Wu Liang

Tutored by: Jiang Jun, Tu Qingqing

Voice-over: Wang Jinxuan

Tutored by: Lei Yu