Chongqing – Jiulongpo is a magnificent city surrounded by rivers and mountains. The unique landscape represents its internal temperament, a humanistic spirit, a city out of time.

Jiulongpo District is located in the southwest of Chongqing. It's an integral part of Chongqing Yuzhong peninsula, surrounded by the Yangtze River and Jialing River.

The general topography of the area slopes from north to south and the Jinyun mountains are located in the western border of Jiulongpo district. The Zhongliang mountains lie in the middle, dividing the region into two parts: the east and the west, forming a unique urban style.

As the top beam of Chongqing, its economic aggregate has been at the forefront among other cities in Chongqing.

As the vein of Chongqing industry, it not only has Hanyang Arsenal and the traditional large industrial enterprises gathered during the Third Front Movement(a massive industrial development by China in its interior starting in 1964), but also has the high-tech industry gathered with the development of the first national Chongqing high-tech zone.

Jiulongpo, as the starting point of Chengdu-Chongqing railway in the past, has gradually become today's Chengdu-Chongqing transportation portal. From the production of the first refrigerator to the Southwest Aluminum (Group) Co. LTD boost the flying dream of the Shenzhou program, the glory of the century-old industrial city is a brief history of the industrial development of Chongqing.

As the artistic origin of Chongqing, the city also gave birth to the most outstanding literary artists in Chongqing's history, such as Gong Qinggao, Liu Chun, and Long Weilin. Huangjueping of  Jiulongpo district nourished many masters in the era, such as Luo Zhongli, Zhang Xiaogang, and Pang Maokun, and created numerous stunning works of art, such as oil painting Father and sculpture Rent Collection Courtyard.

A great moment

Jiulongpo gets its name from the great Chairman Mao Zedong. In August 1945, the historical juncture that decided the destiny of the country and the nation, Chairman Mao decided to go to Chongqing to participate in the Chongqing negotiations to seek the liberation of the whole country. 

Mao Zedong's plane arrived at Jiulongpu airport in Chongqing at 3:30 p.m. In front of a multitude of media correspondents, Mao Zedong delivered a brief, 210-word speech at the airport. Because of Chairman Mao's accent, The reporter mistook Jiulongpu for Jiulongpo. The error made Jiulongpo famous throughout China.

A red courtyard

The former residence of Zhou Gongzhi is located in Doushita village of Jiulongpo district. It's also the site of the first representative meeting of the communist party of Sichuan province.

Zhou Gongzhi was born in 1899. In 1920, he went to France to study with Deng Xiaoping and joined the communist party of China. In 1925, he was dispatched to Chongqing by the party and worked in the ministry of farmers of the Kuomintang (leftist) temporary executive committee of Sichuan province under the period of cooperation of the Kuomintang and the communist party.

On February 10, 1928, Zhou Gongzhi took advantage of his father's position as mayor to hold a banquet in the courtyard. The real purpose is to organize an expanded meeting of Sichuan provincial party committee of the CPC and formally established the Sichuan provincial party committee of the CPC.

The opening of the expanded meeting of Sichuan provincial party committee of the CPC made the underground party organization activities in Sichuan province flourish.

Two months later, Zhou Gongzhi was arrested. He died on April 3, 1928, at the age of 29. Before his death, he sang "The Internationale" and "Chinese Young Pioneer Song" in prison, and did not expose any secrets of the CPC. He also rejected his father's plan to bail him out of jail.

The panorama of Caiyu Lake

A century-old arsenal

In Xiejiawan of Jiulongpo District, during the period of the Anti-Japanese War, there was the largest rifle factory, the First Arsenal Factory of the Military and Political Department of the Kuomintang government. The annual output of hundreds of thousands of rifles, submachine guns, and machine guns. The factory provided nearly a third of the Guns and bullets for the Second Sino-Japanese War.

Its predecessor, Hanyang Arsenal, was built by Zhang Zhidong (a prominent official of the late Qing dynasty) in 1889. In 1942, to avoid the Japanese bombing, Hanyang Arsenal moved to Xiejiawan and dug 107 production holes in the hard rock wall near the river.

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the factory was incorporated into the defense industry system of the new Chinese government. In 1957, it was renamed the state-owned machine tool construction factory, which technically produced sewing machines. In 1982, the factory entered into technical cooperation with Yamaha Corporation of Japan and started the journey of transferring military use to civilians. Yamaha motorcycle became popular at that time and won the title of "motorcycle capital" for Chongqing together with the help of many motorcycle enterprises. In 2004, due to urban construction needs, the factory moved to the south.

Nowadays, the grounds of the factory has evolved into a fashionable and prosperous shopping area in Chongqing. The remaining production holes, as a historical relic protection site, have been built into Chongqing Jianchuan museum.